Please, browse the many free commentaries available on https://www.katrinapearls.com/blog
1 Happy are they who have not walked in the counsel of the wicked, *
nor lingered in the way of sinners,
nor sat in the seats of the scornful!
2 Their delight is in the law of Yahweh, *
and they meditate on his law day and night.
3 They are like trees planted by streams of water,
bearing fruit in due season, with leaves that do not wither; *
everything they do shall prosper.
4 It is not so with the wicked; *
they are like chaff which the wind blows away.
5 Therefore the wicked shall not stand upright when judgment comes, *
nor the sinner in the council of the righteous.
6 For Yahweh knows the way of the righteous, *
but the way of the wicked is doomed.
--------------------
This is the accompanying Psalm for the Old Testament reading from Proverbs 31, which will be read aloud in unison or sung by a cantor on the seventeenth Sunday after Pentecost [Proper 20], Year B, according to the lectionary for the Episcopal Church. This Psalm is optional and may not be sung, as the Proverbs 31 reading can be accompanied by a “First Lesson” that is from the Book of Wisdom. In either case, Proverbs 31 says, “ A capable wife who can find? She is far more precious than jewels.” The pair of readings will precede an Epistle reading from James, where the Apostle questioned, “Those conflicts and disputes among you, where do they come from? Do they not come from your cravings that are at war within you?” All will accompany the Gospel reading from Mark, which says, “Whoever wants to be first must be last of all and servant of all.”
Please take note of the two places where I have restored “Yahweh,” because that is the transliteration of the word written by David [“יְהוָ֗ה” – “YHWH”]. The NRSV [et al] love to transform this to “Lord,” as if using the name of God that David used is not allowed. David was not a Jew. David was an Israelite, a name that means “He Retains God.” To reduce David from that divinely elevated state of being to be a Jew whose God was named “Yahweh,” the name of the God of Israel, therefore not the name of the God of Christians, is demonic thinking. The name “Israel” was the holy name given to the soul of the flesh named “Jacob,” as Jacob had been Spiritually transformed into one “Who Retained God.” David was like that; and all should be like David, which is signaled by calling one’s God “Yahweh.”
The BibleHub Interlinear presentation of this Psalm shows a title that says, “The Two Paths.” The NRSV header is about the same, saying, “The Two Ways.” In this six verse song there are four times the word “wicked” is found. When “Yahweh” is found repeated also [twice used], the “two” roads taken must be seen as those walking “in the law of Yahweh” and those walking “in the counsel of the wicked.” One is a path of righteousness, while the other is “the way of sinners.” In this, it is valuable to realize the truth of the Hebrew word “rasha,” which has been translated as “the wicked.”
The word “rasha” means, “wicked, criminal” (Strong’s Definition), but implies “condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked man, that did wrong” (Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance) According the NASB translations, it appears in Scripture 262 times, translated as: “evil (1), evil man (1), evil men (1), guilty (3), man (1), offender (1), ungodly (1), wicked (228), wicked man (21), wicked men (2), wicked one (1), wicked ones (3).” The BibleHub Interlinear translates this word as “the ungodly,” which I see as appropriately identifying all who walk an unlawful path, as being unmarried souls to Yahweh.
When this particular Psalm is seen as an accompaniment to the Proverbs 31 reading, where Solomon gave his opinions as to who qualifies as “a capable wife,” this now sings that Solomon’s views also follow two paths. In one way, “a capable wife” is metaphor for “wisdom,” which is an “elohim” [one of the gods] that possesses a soul and makes a brain become ‘book smart.’ That would be the path of the “wicked,” not the righteous. Thus, the righteous way to see “a capable wife” is as a soul in a body of flesh, which makes it a feminine essence bride-to-be of Yahweh, so once divinely united with His Spirit, then the body of flesh walks the path of the law … naturally, willingly, lovingly, and without needing a brain to determine which way to go.
In the first verse, the literal translation into English has it saying, “blessed the man , who ׀ not does walk in the counsel of the ungodly or the path of the sinful nor take that stance ; and in the dwelling place of the mockers not remains .” This translation makes it clearer that being “blessed” [as well as being “happy”] is a statement of love, because it is from one’s heart that happiness comes. This means being "blessed" is when the soul of a “man” [meaning mankind generally] has become possessed by Yahweh. Following the word “who” [“’ă·šer” or “asher”] is a bar [“׀”] that symbolizes a musical rest, therefore a verbal pause. The placement of the bar designates the first of two paths that “man” can take. In this, it is important to realize the Hebrew word for “man” is “ish,” which is what Solomon’s “wife-woman-female” comes from, as the Hebrew “ishshah.” This reflection says “man” can be either negative-feminine-receptive or positive-masculine-penetrating.
Following the bar marker, David wrote the word “not” [“lō”], which becomes a statement of the “negative-feminine-receptive,” as “man” is “blessed” by going the path that is positive-masculine-penetrating, and “not” the natural essence of the material realm. Here, it is important to realize that “happiness” can seem to be all the rewards of the material realm, but such ‘rewards’ are “not” based on love or heartfelt spiritual desires being satisfied.
Where the NRSV translates “lingered in the way of sinners,” the Hebrew word translated as “lingered” is “amad,” which translates as “to take one's stand, [or] stand.” (Strong's) While it can be seen that “standing” is akin to idling, thus lingering, that perspective should be seen as taking pleasure in the “path of the sinful,” implying that remaining in such a place says one enjoys sinful acts. According to Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance, the implication of “amad” is “abide behind, appoint, arise, cease, confirm, continue, dwell, be employed,” such that one sees sinful ways and takes a stance in support of those ways. Therefore, lingering becomes a sign of someone desiring to be sinful, enough to argue those ways of sin do have virtues.
The Hebrew word translated as “scornful” is “lê·ṣîm,” the plural form of “luts.” This word means “ambassador, have in derision, interpreter, make a mock, mocker,” such that to apply “scorn” [defined as “the feeling or belief that someone or something is worthless or despicable; contempt.”] reflects more on a directive towards those who are righteous; and, the usage becomes confusing otherwise. To make the translation “mockers” means one does not linger or “dwell” in a place where no shame is placed on sins, because one enjoys a sinful existence, becoming an “ambassador” that “interprets” one’s acts and beliefs not as sin, but as pleasures. This is justifiable because “happiness” comes to one when one does such acts. For one to be “mocked” in such a place, then one has to point out how those pleasurable acts are deemed against one’s laws, therefore “criminal.” It is then that which brings out mockery of such ideas. As such, the first verse paints a clear picture that mankind has two different paths in life; and, it will always remain that way. Life's primary path leads a soul in the flesh to know sin, as a natural way of the world; and, from learning to walk a path that puts one alongside everyone else, the safety in numbers makes all who walk a different path be the focus of ridicule and condemnation.
Verse two then confirms the truth that began verse one, where those “blessed” are those who reject the path of the wicked are those who “take delight in the laws of Yahweh.” In this, one needs to realize that David knew “the laws” were not of Moses, but passed on by Moses to the Israelite people, by Yahweh. The “laws,” from “torah,” are the marriage vows that each soul must agree to as the only source of “instruction” that one’s life is led by. Being "chosen" means a soul proposed to; so, being chosen means agreeing to the vows of divine marriage. Those who are “blessed” are then those married to Yahweh; and, that marriage is not to be a partial commitment. It is full-time, as one must “meditate on those instructions day and night.” In that, “day” is during the easy times, while “night” is the dark times of trouble, when having the inner link to Yahweh’s voice (through divine marriage) keeps one’s soul from becoming lost and wandering back onto the path of the wicked.
Verse three then states this marriage metaphorically, saying “he shall be like a tree planted by the rivers of water so its fruit comes forth in its season.” There, the word “planted” is a direct statement of purposeful “transplanting,” not some natural luck of a seed falling onto fertile soil in a good location. By actually being purposefully “planted,” this becomes another statement of marriage, where one’s soul must make a decision that demands the commitment of putting down roots, so growth comes from a permanence of being in solid ground. This means a soul is planted in Yahweh, and He in turn with one’s soul. The “rivers of water” represents His Spirit; and, the “fruits” are the works of righteousness, which projects to others a way to live.
When David then continued in verse three, singing “whose foliage shall not wither , and whatever he does shall prosper .” this sings of eternal life. Because the divine spiritual realm is the place where it is always day and always happy and youthful, the acts in the material realm are irrelevant as far as what is determined prosperous. There can be nothing worldly that will ever diminish the reward of righteous living; and, that can only come through holy matrimony between a soul and Yahweh, while in the flesh.
Verse four then sings, “not so the ungodly ; for if like chaff , that drives away like by wind .” Whereas verse three sang of eternal life, verse four is singing of reincarnation. By not being married to Yahweh [as the “ungodly”] they will die. Their bodies of flesh will fall away, just like chaff falls away from the kernel of grain. The soul is that kernel, which is then blown back into the material realm, into a new body of flesh [a newborn baby], through reincarnation. This means the “wind” is like the recurring weather patterns, which are always the same, over and over and over again.
Verse five then sings, “upon this not shall stand ungodly in judgement ; nor the sinful , in the congregation of the righteous .” This sings the truth of Judgment, which will find the “ungodly” and the “sinful” not being able to achieve salvation. Seeing how all human beings are born with souls in bodies of flesh, set on the path of life that always offers two choices, the main road travelled is that of the sinners. That is why a soul must be “planted like a tree by rivers of water,” because without a conscious decision to change paths and commit to servitude to Yahweh [not self], one cannot find redemption. The “fruit” of one’s ways of righteousness is then how one can be considered to be “in the congregation of the righteous.” This places everything as the responsibility of the soul to choose, with Yahweh offering to help those who choose to marry Him.
Verse six then sings, “for knows Yahweh the way of the righteous ; but the way of the ungodly shall perish .” This says Yahweh knows which path one’s soul travels. He especially knows the way of the righteous, as those souls walk with Him, having been united as one with His Spirit. Those who do not walk as one with Yahweh will be known for that absence. When all souls come from death of the flesh to the time of Judgement, the righteous will live forevermore. Alas, the sinful will die and come back to die again. The place where souls “perish” is the physical world; and, their worship of the flesh will prophesy their way to find “happiness.”
As a companion song to the Proverbs 31 reading on the seventeenth Sunday after Pentecost, when one’s own personal ministry for Yahweh should already be well underway, the lesson is simple. There are two paths in life. One serves self and the other serves Yahweh. Any ministry taken into the world by a single soul, one ‘living together’ with ‘lady wisdom,’ has nothing of value to offer the world. One is then “lingering with sinners,” not to help them, but to wallow in their love of wickedness. To preach that sinners are loved by Yahweh is to mislead souls to ruin; and, that will bring a double share of their ruin upon one’s own soul. This says sacrifice your self-egos and become planted by the living waters that are Jesus Christ resurrected with one’s soul. Otherwise, expect to return to a world you love, perhaps not with all the blessing you enjoy in this life now being repeated in the next.